By Adam Thierer. R Street Institute
The White House has released an important 23-page policy blueprint titled, “Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan.” It is the product of the administration’s “Request for Information (RFI) on the Development of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Action Plan,” which sought public comments earlier this year on “the priority policy actions needed to sustain and enhance America’s AI dominance, and to ensure that unnecessarily burdensome requirements do not hamper private sector AI innovation.” The White House received over 10,000 comments in response to the RFI.
The AI Action Plan rests on three pillars:
- Accelerate AI Innovation
- Build American AI Infrastructure
- Lead in International AI Diplomacy and Security
It includes detailed recommendations for advancing each objective and instructs various agencies to play a role in ensuring their policies support AI development rather than hinder it. As stated in the plan, “The United States needs to innovate faster and more comprehensively than our competitors in the development and distribution of new AI technology across every field, and dismantle unnecessary regulatory barriers that hinder the private sector in doing so.”
Some of the more notable recommendations include:
- Encourage AI adoption broadly and open-source AI in particular
- Improve training to help create a more skilled AI-ready workforce
- Bolster cybersecurity processes
- Streamline permitting processes to help with growing AI-related energy needs
- Accelerate AI use by the government
- Prioritize government investment across the AI technology stack
Why a “Try-First” Innovation Culture is Essential
The R Street Institute submitted two detailed filings to the AI Action Plan RFI. One comment outlined various broad-based policy steps needed to ensure that a light-touch “AI opportunity agenda” could unleash competition and investment while enhancing national strength. The comment also highlighted specific reforms needed to meet growing AI energy needs, ensure balanced copyright policies for AI, protect algorithmic free speech, and ensure America attracts the talent needed to compete globally. That comment also stressed how essential it is for the administration and Congress to work together to craft a national policy framework to protect the free flow of interstate algorithmic commerce and address important national security priorities. The second R Street submission focused on bolstering America’s dominance in AI on the global stage while strengthening both AI security and the nation’s cybersecurity more generally through AI-driven capabilities. The administration’s AI Action Plan aligns closely with these priorities, stressing how “[a] coordinated Federal effort would be beneficial in establishing a dynamic, ‘try-first’ culture for AI across American industry.” This reflects the general ethos of “permissionless innovation,” which made the American digital technology sector dominant globally while greatly expanding consumer choices and free speech more generally. R Street research on AI policy repeatedly stresses the importance of “getting AI innovation culture right” by sending positive signals to entrepreneurs, investors, and consumers that indicate innovation is welcome in this arena. While there are some unnecessary regulatory elements in the AI Action Plan, such as provisions suggesting the need for agencies to ensure large language models are “free from top-down ideological bias,” the document generally embodies such a light-touch, pro-innovation policy culture for America.
The Trump AI Vision Comes Into Focus
While the Trump administration’s AI Action Plan has charted a wise policy course to bolster innovation and beat China, Congress needs to step up and help advance the nation’s AI agenda. A future administration could easily undo many of the EOs and policy actions pursued by this one.
With over 1,000 AI-related measures pending in the United States today, preemption must be part of this discussion. During consideration of the One Big Beautiful Bill (OBBB), the House passed an AI regulatory moratorium that would have limited state and local regulation of AI systems; however, the moratorium was rejected by the Senate before the OBBB advanced.
The AI Action Plan instructs the Office of Management and Budget to “work with Federal agencies that have AI-related discretionary funding programs to ensure, consistent with applicable law, that they consider a state’s AI regulatory climate when making funding decisions and limit funding if the state’s AI regulatory regimes may hinder the effectiveness of that funding or award.” This is consistent with the approach Congress considered with the AI moratorium, which would have used federal spending leverage to discourage a patchwork of costly and confusing state AI regulations that would undermine the interstate marketplaceand national priorities, including beating China in the AI race. While the administration has some power to forestall regulatory efforts in the states, Congress still must consider AI legislation that would either impose a moratorium on state and local regulation or offer a more formal preemption of such conflicting mandates. An earlier R Street analysis identified potential elements of a baseline AI bill, including preemption and certain safety-related steps for frontier AI systems.
Conclusion: Time for Congress to Step Up
America is in stiff competition with China for global AI supremacy and could still lose the raceas Chinese capabilities continue to advance rapidly across the full AI stack. This race is not simply about global competitive advantage—it is about whose policies and values will shape global norms. While the Trump administration’s AI Action Plan charts a wise course toward addressing this challenge, only congressional action can help the United States achieve dominance in these areas.
Forthcoming R Street analysis will examine other elements of the AI Action Plan, including what it proposes for cybersecurity, energy, speech-related matters, and more.
Adam Thierer is a senior fellow for the R Street Institute’s Technology & Innovation team. He works to make the world safe for innovators and entrepreneurs by pushing for a policy vision that is rooted in the idea of “permissionless innovation.”